DEPORTATION OF MUSLIMS FROM THE SOUTH CAUCASUS TO KAZAKHSTAN IN THE 1930S

Abstract

This article examines the deportation, resettlement, and expulsion of Muslims from the South Caucasus to Kazakhstan in the 1930s. Based on regulatory documents, resolution, decrees, and letters, the article traces the stages of the resettlement of Azerbaijanis, Iranian nationals, Kurds, Turks, and others deported on charges of kulakism, terrorism, suspicion of anti-Soviet activity, in connection with the clearing of the border zone with Turkey, Iran, etc. The resettlers were settled primarily in the South K azakhstan and Almaty regions. Initially, they faced hardships and difficulties, but thanks to the selfless assistance of the local population and the gratuitous aid of Kazakhs who showed compassion and empathy, the deportees were able to survive and adapt to their new circumstances. As revealed by an analysis of documents and materials on the topic, the statements, complaints, and demands of the displaced persons were eventually addressed and measures were taken to accommodate them. Their main activities became cotton farming, rice cultivation, and construction. 139