GOSCOLONIT - THE MAIN SCIENTIFIC INSTITUTION ON SOVIET COLONIZATION

Abstract

This article explores the role of the State Colonization Research Institute (Goskolonit) in shaping Soviet colonization policy in Kazakhstan during the 1920s and 1930s. The study examines the ideological and scientific justifications for planned migration and territorial development. Objectives and Tasks. The research aims to analyze Goskolonit’s activities, its impact on Kazakhstan’s socio - 166 economic structure, and the consequences for the indigenous population. Special attention is given to the dual nature of colonization —its contribution to infrastructure and industry alongside its destructive effects on traditional lifestyles. Materials and Methods. The study is based on archival sources, historical research, and contemporary academic discussions. Soviet p lanning documents, reports, and statistical analyses were examined to reconstruct the mechanisms of colonization. Results. Findings show that Goskolonit played a key role in designing migration strategies, but its policies intensified demographic shifts, disrupted nomadic culture, and contributed to repressive measures. Conclusions. The Soviet colonization of Kazakhstan had long -term socio -economic and political consequences. While collectivization advanced, forced sedentarization and population displacemen ts led to social crises. The study underscores the necessity of reevaluating historical narratives surrounding Soviet territorial policies.